Training compute growth
Maximum disclosed training compute per year on a log10(FLOP) scale. Missing values remain absent; the current year is incomplete.
Training compute growth
Total 468 · Page 6/19 · Observed 9/25/2026, 3:30:45 AM
| Name | Group | Reported value | Date | Notes | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jurassic-1-Jumbo | AI21 Labs | 370,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2021-08-11 | API access | Source ↗ |
| BLOOM-176B | Hugging Face,BigScience | 365,664,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-07-11 | Open weights (restricted use) | Source ↗ |
| GLaM | 363,631,124,340,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2021-12-13 | Unreleased | Source ↗ | |
| LaMDA | 355,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-02-10 | Unreleased | Source ↗ | |
| GLM-130B | Tsinghua University | 354,900,549,450,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-08-04 | Open weights (non-commercial) | Source ↗ |
| Yuan 1.0 | Inspur | 353,800,000,000,010,000,000,000 FLOP | 2021-10-12 | API access | Source ↗ |
| DALL·E 2 | OpenAI | 336,957,840,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-04-06 | API access | Source ↗ |
| Galactica | Meta AI | 324,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-11-16 | Open weights (non-commercial) | Source ↗ |
| InstructGPT 175B | OpenAI | 319,181,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-01-27 | API access | Source ↗ |
| GPT-3 175B (davinci) | OpenAI | 314,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2020-05-28 | API access | Source ↗ |
| ST-MoE | Google,Google Brain,Google Research | 290,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-02-17 | Unreleased | Source ↗ |
| nekomata-14b | rinna | 255,620,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-12-21 | Open weights (restricted use) | Source ↗ |
| Skywork-13B | Kunlun Inc. | 250,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-10-30 | Open weights (restricted use) | Source ↗ |
| Falcon-40B | Technology Innovation Institute | 240,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-03-15 | Open weights (unrestricted) | Source ↗ |
| AlphaCode | DeepMind | 238,010,000,000,001,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-02-02 | Unreleased | Source ↗ |
| BloombergGPT | Bloomberg,Johns Hopkins University | 236,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-03-30 | Unreleased | Source ↗ |
| Flamingo | DeepMind | 218,972,000,000,001,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-04-29 | Unreleased | Source ↗ |
| WeatherNext 3 | Google DeepMind,Google Research | 207,251,983,840,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2026-09-03 | Hosted access (no API) | Source ↗ |
| AlexaTM 20B | Amazon | 204,374,016,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-08-02 | API access | Source ↗ |
| HyperCLOVA 204B | NAVER | 200,000,000,010,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2021-09-10 | Hosted access (no API) | Source ↗ |
| ViT-22B | 193,248,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-02-10 | Unreleased | Source ↗ | |
| Nemotron-3-8B | Nvidia | 180,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-11-15 | Open weights (restricted use) | Source ↗ |
| PaLI | 169,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2022-09-14 | Unreleased | Source ↗ | |
| Llama Guard | Meta AI | 160,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-12-07 | Open weights (restricted use) | Source ↗ |
| FinGPT-13B | University of California Los Angeles (UCLA),Columbia University,New York University (NYU) | 160,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 FLOP | 2023-10-07 | Open weights (unrestricted) | Source ↗ |
Data: Epoch AI · CC BY · View source · Automatically synced; not an exhaustive global sample